Causes of juvenile delinquency

 Reasons behind juvenile crimes

No one is born with the potential to be a criminal. Circumstances have shaped them into who they are. The socio-cultural environment, both within and outside of one’s household, has a big influence on one’s life and general personality.

The causes of juvenile crimes, according to Healy and Bronner, are bad company, adolescent instability and impulses, early sex experience, mental conflicts, extreme social suggestibility, love of adventure, motion picture, school dissatisfaction, poor recreation, street life, vocational dissatisfaction, sudden impulse, and physical conditions of various kinds.

Socio-economic reasons

1.    Broken homes: 

According to one of Uday Shankar’s research in India, 13.3 per cent of the 140 juveniles came from broken households. Death of one or both parents, chronic sickness or insanity, desertion, or divorce can all break up a family. Interaction at home is a critical component of a child’s socialisation.

2.    Poverty: 

A substantial percentage of delinquent youngsters originate from low-income families. They perpetuate their crimes as gang members. According to Uday Shankar’s research, 83 per cent of youngsters originate from low-income homes. Poverty forces both parents to work outside the home for lengthy periods of time in order to earn their daily bread. There will be no one to look after the children. Such youngsters may join up with gangsters, either knowingly or unconsciously, and become criminals.

3.  Friends and companions: 

As the child grows older, he/she ventures into the neighbourhood and joins a playgroup or peer group. He/ she will certainly become a delinquent if he/she joins a group or gang supporting delinquent tendencies. Adolescents also commit crimes as a result of poor friendships. According to studies, delinquent behaviours are committed in groups. Shaw examined 6000 youths involved in criminality in his Illinois Crime Survey of 1928.

4.    Beggary: 

Juvenile misbehaviour is frequently caused by beggars. Most child beggars originate from either very impoverished backgrounds or shattered homes. These youngsters are robbed of their parents’ much-needed love and attention. They realise that the only way to satisfy their wants and meet their requirements is to engage in deviant behaviour. As a result, they become delinquents.

Psychological reasons

1.  Mental illness: 

According to certain criminologists, there is a strong link between mental illness and crime. Some studies have looked at teenage patients and discovered that they had a variety of mental illnesses. Treatment, not punishment, is required for a youngster. Psychopathic personality, according to some mental therapists, is the root of juvenile crime in India. A psychopathic child is born into a home where love control and affection are completely absent.

2.    Personality traits: 

Personality qualities and a criminal proclivity have also been proven to have a strong link. Personality is a means for a person to adapt to their circumstances. In this adaptation, criminal youngsters engage in criminal actions. 

3.  Individualized emotional issues: 

Mental health issues and emotional maladjustment are significant contributors to juvenile crimes. Delinquent youngsters may suffer from feelings of inadequacy and jealousy. “Delinquency is a revolt and an expression of aggressiveness aimed at damaging, breaking down, or altering the environment,” according to a psychological perspective. This revolt is mostly motivated by societal situations that limit an individual’s basic rights and the fulfilment of their basic necessities. As a result, delinquents are the result of societal conditions and personal flaws.

Q. Do you know any other causes of juvenile delinquency?

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